Theoretical Study of Iron Porphyrin Imine Specie of P411 Enzyme: Electronic Structure and Regioselectivity of C(sp3)-H Primary Amination

LI Shuang, WEN Zi-Hao and ZHANG Min-Yi*

Chin. J. Struct. Chem. 2021, 40, 1411-1422  DOI: 10.14102/j.cnki.0254-5861.2011-3191

December 15, 2021

DFT, cytochrome P411 enzyme, C–H bond activation, enzyme catalysis

ABSTRACT

The cytochrome P411 enzyme is a variant of cytochrome P450BM3 from Bacillus megaterium whose active site is an iron porphyrin imine ([Fe(Por)(NH)]-) specie. This specie has been reported to successfully promote the primary amination of benzylic and allylic C(sp3)−H bonds. We employed density functional theory to study the electronic structure of the active site of P411 enzyme and the primary amination of C−H bond reaction that it catalyzes. The calculated spin densities and orbital values indicate the existence of resonance in this specie; namely, [(por)(–OH)FeIV–N2-–H]- ↔ [(por)(–OH)FeIII–N•-–H]-. The amination of C(sp3)−H bonds consists of two main reaction steps: hydrogen-atom abstraction and radical recombination, and the former is demonstrated to be the rate-determining step. Furthermore, we studied the regioselectivity of the amination of primary and secondary C(sp3)−H bonds. Our calculations indicated that the secondary C(sp3)−H bonds of the substrate would be more favored for the activation by P411 enzyme. These results provide valuable information for understanding the properties and selectivity of C−H/C−N bond-activation reactions catalyzed by the P411 enzyme or other similar enzymes.

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