This study outlines the design principles and potential applications of dynamic 2D COFs, emphasizing the crucial roles of rigid columns and flexible bridges. It serves as a valuable reference for understanding and creating novel COFs with tunable properties. Future research can utilize the design principle of ‘wine rack’ frames to achieve lateral offset of π-stacked columns by introducing branched chains with strong spatial positional resistance at COF nodes and connecting them with flexible connectors, thus ensuring the robustness and flexibility of the COF structure to enable dynamic structural transformations in response to external stimuli. This structural adaptability can be utilized to control pore size, pore volume, and exciton coupling within the material, enabling practical applications of COFs in gas separation, molecular adsorption, and photoelectrocatalysis.