The present research paper presents the synthesis, characterization, biological and computational studies of 4-(benzylideneamino) benzoic acid derivatives (3a～3g). Derivatives 3a～3c displayed best antidiabetic potential with a glucose-lowering effect compared to the reference drug Glibenclamide. Biochemical parameters including plasma glucose, serum triglycerides, cholesterol, alanine amino transferase and aspartate amino transferase levels showed significant alterations in concentrations relative to the control. Similarly, the derivatives 3a, 3d and 3e displayed potent in vitro antibacterial potential. Molecular docking simulations delineated that the ligands and complexes were stabilized at the active site by electrostatic and hydrophobic forces, consistent with the corresponding experimental results. In silico study of the binding pattern predicted that the synthesized ligands, 3d and 3a could serve as a potential surrogate for hit-to-lead generation and the design of novel antibacterial drugs.