Structural stress: A primary driver of structural degradation in Li-rich layered cathodes

Han Du, Shiyong Chu*, Chunchen Zhang, Yanjiao Ma*

Chin. J. Struct. Chem., 2026, 45(1), 100730. DOI: 10.1016/j.cjsc.2025.100730

January 1, 2026

ABSTRACT

Despite the promising potential of geometric constraint strategies in mitigating structural degradation induced by stress, their scalable synthesis still faces critical challenges. Stabilizing O2-phase configurations and achieving long-range superstructural ordering under industrially viable conditions require the development of innovative and cost-effective approaches that minimize lithium loss and defect formation. Looking forward, future research should prioritize the advancement of in situ/operando techniques to enable precise stress mapping and direct observation of cation–anion interactions at atomic resolution. Multi-physics modeling integrating electrochemistry, mechanics, and ion transport is essential to decipher complex degradation cascades. Furthermore, combining geometric design with compositional optimization — such as entropy engineering  — and surface engineering may offer synergistic solutions. Ultimately, bridging fundamental knowledge with practical synthesis strategies will be key to guiding the design of next-generation high-energy-density cathodes.

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